As Russian forces occupy Ukraine’s largest nuclear plant and target the country’s power infrastructure, Western nations, including Europe and the United States, continue to rely on Russian nuclear fuel for their electricity needs. One of the recipients of low enriched uranium (LEU) from Russia is Canadian-owned Westinghouse Electric, which uses the fuel in commercial nuclear reactors in the U.S., according to shipping data analyzed by CBC’s the fifth estate.
While the U.S. implemented a ban on Russian enriched uranium imports in August 2024 to reduce dependency on Russian materials and ensure a stable domestic fuel supply, the Prohibiting Russian Uranium Imports Act allows for waivers under certain circumstances. The waivers are set to expire by January 1, 2028.
Despite the conflict in Ukraine, the European Union has not imposed a ban on the import of Russian enriched uranium, and Canada has not sanctioned business dealings with Russia’s state atomic energy corporation, Rosatom, or its export arm, Tenex. However, there are calls for countries to reduce their reliance on Russian nuclear fuel and end cooperation with Russian entities.
Shipping data analysis between Westinghouse and Tenex revealed ongoing uranium exports from Russia to the U.S. over the years. Westinghouse’s South Carolina facility processes the enriched uranium into fuel pellets for commercial nuclear power reactors.
The U.S. and Europe have long been dependent on Russian enriched uranium, with efforts underway to enhance domestic production and diversify supply sources. Russia supplies a significant portion of the global enriched uranium market, emphasizing the need for infrastructure changes to reduce reliance on Russian fuel.
Westinghouse, a key player in the U.S. nuclear industry, has been involved in major nuclear projects, including potential partnerships with Saudi Arabia and plans for new reactor investments. While Canada’s existing reactors are fueled by natural uranium, proposed new reactors may require enriched uranium, prompting government support for nuclear fuel contracts from allied countries.
Despite calls for restrictions on dealings with Russian nuclear entities, some Western companies, including Canadian firms, continue to engage with them, raising concerns about bolstering Russian state enterprises amid geopolitical tensions. Both industry and government sectors are exploring ways to support Ukraine’s energy needs while reducing dependence on Russian nuclear fuel.